The Arab Spring in a Global Context: Media as an active player in the Arab Spring Sahar Khamis, associate professor, Department of Communication, University of Maryland. Walid Afifi, professor and chair, Department of Communication Studies, University of Iowa.
Continue ReadingComment: After 12 years of negotiations, Iran was able to ink an agreement with the world’s powerful nations to end harsh regimes of sanctions, some of which go as far back as 35 years ago. The document, now known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), is substantively extensive and qualitatively meticulous. It reveals Read more
Continue Reading… I. Iran and E3/EU+3 will take the following voluntary measures within the timeframe as detailed in this JCPOA and its Annexes NUCLEAR A. ENRICHMENT, ENRICHMENT R&D, STOCKPILES 1. Iran’s long term plan includes certain agreed limitations on all uranium enrichment and uranium enrichment-related activities including certain limitations on specific research and development (R&D) activities Read more
Continue ReadingSANCTIONS 18. The UN Security Council resolution endorsing this JCPOA will terminate all provisions of previous UN Security Council resolutions on the Iranian nuclear issue – 1696 (2006), 1737 (2006), 1747 (2007), 1803 (2008), 1835 (2008), 1929 (2010) and 2224 (2015) – simultaneously with the IAEA-verified implementation of agreed nuclear-related measures by Iran and will Read more
Continue ReadingIMPLEMENTATION PLAN 34. Iran and the E3/EU+3 will implement their JCPOA commitments according to the sequence specified in Annex V. The milestones for implementation are as follows: i. Finalisation Day is the date on which negotiations of this JCPOA are concluded among the E3/EU+3 and Iran, to be followed promptly by submission of the resolution Read more
Continue ReadingAnnex I – Nuclear-related measures A. GENERAL 1. The sequence of implementation of the commitments detailed in this Annex is specified in Annex V to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Unless otherwise specified, the durations of the commitments in this Annex are from Implementation Day. B. ARAK HEAVY WATER RESEARCH REACTOR 2. Iran Read more
Continue ReadingH. FORDOW FUEL ENRICHMENT PLANT 44. The Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant (FFEP) will be converted into a nuclear, physics, and technology centre and international collaboration will be encouraged in agreed areas of research. The Joint Commission will be informed in advance of the specific projects that will be undertaken at Fordow. 45. Iran will not Read more
Continue ReadingJ. URANIUM STOCKS AND FUELS 56. Iran will maintain a total enriched uranium stockpile of no more than 300 kg of up to 3.67% enriched uranium hexafluoride (or the equivalent in different chemical forms) for 15 years. 57. All enriched uranium hexafluoride in excess of 300 kg of up to 3.67% enriched UF6 (or the Read more
Continue ReadingL. ADDITIONAL PROTOCOL AND MODIFIED CODE 3.1 64. Iran will notify the IAEA of provisional application of the Additional Protocol to its Safeguards Agreement in accordance with Article 17(b) of the Additional Protocol pending its entry into force, and subsequently seek ratification and entry into force, consistent with the respective roles of the President and Read more
Continue ReadingAttachment: Arak conceptual design Fundamental Principles: • Maximize use of the current infrastructure of original design of Arak research reactor, designated by the IAEA as IR-40, according to their respective ratings.• Modernizing of the original design in order to be a multi-purpose research reactor comprising radio-isotope production, structural materials and fuel (pins and assembly prototypes) Read more
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